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popso disodium CAS: 108321-07-9
Letswai la disodium la Piperazine-N,N'-bis (2-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid) ke motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale o entsoeng ka lihlopha tsa piperazine, bis (2-hydroxypropanesulphonic acid), le li-ion tse peli tsa sodium. Hangata e sebelisoa e le moemeli oa buffering le molaoli oa pH lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri le tsa laboratori. Motsoako ona o thusa ho boloka pH e itseng litharollong, o etsa hore e be molemo lits'ebetsong tse kang tlhoekiso ea protheine, baeloji ea limolek'hule le lipatlisiso tsa meriana. Ho feta moo, e ka boela ea sebetsa e le moemeli oa chelating bakeng sa li-ion tsa tšepe le ho tsitsisa ts'ebetso ea enzyme liketsong tse itseng tsa biochemical.
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3-Morpholino-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid letsoai la sodium CAS: 79803-73-9
3-Morpholino-2-hydroxypropanesulfonic acid sodium salt, e tsejoang hape e le MES sodium salt, ke motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale o sebelisoang haholo e le moemeli oa buffering lipatlisisong tsa baeloji le tsa biochemical.
MES ke sesebelisoa sa ho thibela ho bola ha zwitterionic se sebetsang e le taolo ya pH, se bolokang pH e tsitsitse ditsamaisong tse fapaneng tsa diteko. E qhibiliha haholo metsing mme e na le boleng ba pKa ba hoo e ka bang 6.15, e leng se etsang hore e lokele ho bola ha pH ho tloha ho 5.5 ho isa ho 7.1.
Letswai la sodium la MES le sebediswa hangata mekgweng ya baeloji ya dimolek'hule jwalo ka ho arolwa ha DNA le RNA, diteko tsa enzyme, le tlhoekiso ya protheine. E boetse e sebediswa mecheng ya temo ya sele ho boloka tikoloho e tsitsitseng ya pH bakeng sa kgolo le ho ata ha sele.
Tšobotsi e 'ngoe e hlahelletseng ea MES ke botsitso ba eona tlas'a maemo a fisioloji le ho hanyetsa liphetoho tsa mocheso. Sena se etsa hore e lokele ho sebelisoa litekong moo ho lebelletsoeng ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso.
Bafuputsi hangata ba khetha letsoai la sodium la MES e le buffer ka lebaka la tšitiso e fokolang ea lona ho likarabelo tsa enzymatic le bokhoni bo phahameng ba buffer ka har'a pH ea lona e ntle ka ho fetisisa.
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X-GAL CAS: 7240-90-6 Theko ea moetsi
5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactoside (X-Gal) ke substrate e tloaelehileng ea chromogenic e sebelisoang baelojing ea limolek'hule le ts'ebelisong ea biochemistry. E sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa ho lemoha jini ea lacZ, e kenyang enzyme β-galactosidase.
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1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranose CAS:25941-03-1
1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-acetyl-D-mannopyranose ke motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale o nkiloeng ho D-mannose, tsoekere e bonolo. Ke motsoako oo lihlopha tsa acetyl li hoketsoeng ho lihlopha tse hlano ho tse tšeletseng tsa hydroxyl tse teng molek'huleng ea mannose. Mofuta ona oa acetylated oa D-mannose o atisa ho sebelisoa ho tsoakaneng ha lintho tse phelang le lipatlisisong tsa lik'hemik'hale e le motheo oa kaho kapa thepa ea ho qala bakeng sa ho kopanya limolek'hule tse rarahaneng haholoanyane. Lihlopha tsa acetyl li fana ka botsitso 'me li ka fetola reactivity le thepa ea motsoako.
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1,2,3,4-Di-O-Isopropylidene-alpha-D-galactopyranose CAS:4064-06-6
1,2:3,4-Di-O-isopropylidene-D-galactopyranose ke motsoako oa lik'hemik'hale o leng oa lelapa la li-derivative tsa galactopyranose. Hangata o sebelisoa k'hemistri ea lintho tse phelang e le moemeli ea sireletsang lihlopha tsa hydroxyl tse teng tsoekere, haholo-holo galactose. Motsoako ona o etsoa ka ho kopanya D-galactose le acetone ho etsa derivative ea diacetone, ebe e phekoloa ka asiti ho etsa derivative ea di-O-isopropylidene. Derivative ena e sireletsa lihlopha tsa hydroxyl, e thibela liketso tse sa batleheng nakong ea tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale, 'me e ka tlosoa ka khetho ho nchafatsa motsoako oa pele. Sebopeho sa eona se kopaneng le botsitso li etsa hore e be molemo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng ka har'a tšimo ea tlhahiso ea lintho tse phelang.
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PNPG CAS:3150-24-1 Theko ea moetsi
PNPG, kapa p-nitrophenyl β-D-glucopyranoside, ke karoloana e nyane ea molek'hule e atisang ho sebelisoa litekong tsa biochemical ho lekanya ts'ebetso ea li-enzyme tsa glucosidase. Ha e na 'mala ebile ha e phatsime, empa ha e haelloa ke hydrolysis ke glucosidase, e fetoloa p-nitrophenol, e nang le 'mala o mosehla 'me e ka bonoa habonolo ka spectrophotometric.
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ONPG CAS:369-07-3 Theko ea moetsi
O-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG) ke substrate ya maiketsetso e sebediswang ditekong tsa biochemical le molecular biology ho lekanya mosebetsi wa enzyme β-galactosidase. E sebediswa hangata ditekong ho lemoha tlhahiso ya dijini tsamaisong ya baktheria, jwalo ka Escherichia coli.ONPG ke motsoako o se nang mmala o kgaolwang ke β-galactosidase, e leng se fellang ka ho lokollwa ha motsoako o mosehla, o-nitrophenol. Mmala o mosehla o hlahiswang o ka lekanngwa ka spectrophotometric, ho fana ka tekanyo e sa tobang ya tshebetso ya enzyme. Teko e sebedisang ONPG hangata e bitswa teko ya ONPG mme ke mokgwa o sebediswang haholo dipatlisisong tsa biology ya dimolek'hule ho lekola maemo a tlhahiso ya dijini tse laolwang ke lac operon diseleng tsa baktheria.
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Nitrotetrazolium Blue Chloride CAS:298-83-9
Nitrotetrazolium Blue Chloride (NBT) ke sesupo sa redox se sebediswang haholo ditekong tsa baeloji le tsa biochemical. Ke phofo e mosehla o mosehla e fetohang boputswa ha e fokotswa, e leng se etsang hore e be molemo bakeng sa ho lemoha boteng ba dienzyme tse itseng le tshebetso ya metabolism.
NBT e arabela le bajari ba dielektrone le dienzyme tse kang di-dehydrogenase, tse amehang ditshebetsong tse fapaneng tsa sele. Ha NBT e fokotswa ke dienzyme tsena, e etsa precipitate e putsoa ya formazan, e dumellang ho lemoha pono kapa spectrophotometric.
Reagent ena e atisa ho sebelisoa litekong tse kang teko ea phokotso ea NBT, moo e sebelisetsoang ho lekola ts'ebetso ea ho phatloha ha phefumoloho ea lisele tsa 'mele. E ka boela ea sebelisoa ho ithuta mesebetsi ea li-enzyme le litsela tsa metabolism lipatlisisong tse amanang le khatello ea oxidative, ho phela ha sele le phapang ea sele.
NBT e fumane lits'ebetso mafapheng a fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa le baeloji ea likokoana-hloko, thuto ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung, le baeloji ea sele. E na le mekhoa e mengata, e tsitsitse, 'me e bonolo ho e sebelisa, e leng se etsang hore e be khetho e tsebahalang bakeng sa liprothokholo tse ngata tsa liteko.
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HATU CAS:148893-10-1 Theko ea moetsi
HATU (1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate) ke reagent e sebediswang haholo ho kopanyeng peptide le k'hemistri ya tlhaho.
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D-fucose CAS:3615-37-0 Theko ea moetsi
D-fucose ke monosaccharide, haholo-holo tsoekere ea khabone e tšeletseng, e leng ea sehlopha sa tsoekere e bonolo e bitsoang hexoses. Ke isomer ea glucose, e fapaneng ka sebopeho sa sehlopha se le seng sa hydroxyl.
D-fucose e fumaneha ka tlhaho linthong tse fapaneng tse phelang, ho kenyeletsoa libaktheria, li-fungus, limela le liphoofolo. E bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse 'maloa tsa baeloji, joalo ka ho supa sele, ho khomarela sele, le ho hlophisoa ha glycoprotein. Ke karolo ea li-glycolipids, li-glycoprotein le li-proteoglycans, tse amehang puisanong le ho lemoheng ha sele ho tloha ho sele ho ea ho sele.
Ho batho, D-fucose e boetse e ameha ho etseng metsoako ea bohlokoa ea glycan, joalo ka li-antigen tsa Lewis le li-antigen tsa sehlopha sa mali, tse nang le litlamorao ho lumellaneng ha tšelo ea mali le ho pepesehela mafu.
D-fucose e ka fumanoa mehloling e fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa le li-seaweed, limela le ho belisa likokoana-hloko. E sebelisoa lipatlisisong le lits'ebetsong tsa bongaka, hammoho le tlhahisong ea meriana e itseng le metsoako ea phekolo.
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DDT CAS:3483-12-3 Theko ea moetsi
DL-Dithiothreitol, e tsejoang hape e le DTT, ke sesebelisoa se fokotsang se sebelisoang haholo lipatlisisong tsa baeloji ea lik'hemik'hale le ea limolek'hule. Ke molek'hule e nyane e nang le sehlopha sa thiol (se nang le sebabole) pheletsong ka 'ngoe.
Hangata DTT e sebediswa ho roba dibond tsa disulfide diprotheineng, e leng se thusang ho di phutholla kapa ho di ntsha sebopehong sa tsona. Phokotso ena ya dibond tsa disulfide e bohlokwa mekgweng e fapaneng ya laboratori jwalo ka tlhoekiso ya protheine, gel electrophoresis, le dithuto tsa sebopeho sa protheine. DTT e ka boela ya sebediswa ho sireletsa dihlopha tsa thiol le ho thibela oxidation nakong ya mekgwa ya diteko.
Hangata DTT e eketsoa litharollong tsa liteko ka bongata bo bonyenyane, 'me ts'ebetso ea eona e itšetlehile ka boteng ba oksijene. Ho bohlokoa ho sebetsana le DTT ka hloko kaha e na le kutloelo-bohloko moeeng, mochesong le mongobong, e leng se ka fokotsang katleho ea eona.
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D-(+)-Galactose CAS: 59-23-4 Theko ea moetsi
D-(+)-Galactose ke tsoekere e nang le monosaccharide mme ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea lits'ebetso tse ngata tsa baeloji. Ke tsoekere e hlahang ka tlhaho e fumanehang lijong tse ngata, joalo ka litholoana, lihlahisoa tsa lebese le meroho.
Hangata Galactose e atolosoa 'meleng ka letoto la liketso tsa enzymatic. E bapala karolo ea bohlokoa puisanong ea sele, tlhahiso ea matla, le ho etsoa ha limolek'hule tsa bohlokoa joalo ka li-glycolipids, li-glycoprotein le lactose.
Mabapi le ts'ebeliso ea eona, D-(+)-Galactose e sebelisoa haholo ho microbiology le biotechnology e le mohloli oa khabone mecheng ea temo bakeng sa kholo ea likokoana-hloko tse fapaneng. E boetse e sebelisoa tlhahisong ea metsoako e fapaneng e sebetsang, meriana le lihlahisoa tsa lijo. Ho feta moo, e sebelisoa khafetsa e le moemeli oa tlhahlobo ea bongaka, haholo-holo litekong tsa ho hlahloba ts'ebetso ea sebete le ho lemoha mathata a liphatsa tsa lefutso a amanang le metabolism ea galactose.
